Environmental governance in Uruguay: symbolic recognition, institutional changes, and distributional limits following the creation of the Ministry of the Environment (2020–2025)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29393/GP10-2AUAC40002

Keywords:

Environmental Governance, Institutional Change, Ministry Of Environment, State Capacities, Uruguay

Abstract

This article examines environmental governance in Uruguay during the period 2020–2025, focusing on the creation of the Ministry of the Environment (ME). It analyzes the extent to which this institutional innovation produced substantive changes in environmental governance and whether it managed to overcome the historical limitations of the country’s environmental policy. Based on a theoretical framework that articulates approaches to environmental governance, institutions, and environmental justice, the study combines a review of the literature with interviews with qualified informants to assess power relations, state capacities, and the advances and limitations of the new institutional design. The results show that, although the creation of the ME represented symbolic recognition of the environment as a public issue and led to certain procedural changes, this did not translate into a strengthening of state capacities or a transformation of the power relations that structure environmental policy. Institutional fragmentation, resource scarcity, weak intersectoral coordination, and low levels of citizen participation in decision-making persisted, limiting the scope of the innovations introduced. This paper discusses these findings in light of the theoretical frameworks adopted and highlights the gap between the promise of hierarchy and innovation and the distributive limits of environmental governance. The conclusions emphasize that the ME produced partial advances, but that environmental governance in Uruguay continues to be affected by structural tensions that condition its capacity for transformation.

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Author Biographies

Alexandra Lizbona Cohen, Universidad de la República, Uruguay

Professor and researcher, Socio-Legal Area of the Faculty of Law and Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Andrea Delbono, Universidad de la República, Uruguay

Political scientist, university lecturer and researcher, Socio-Legal Area of the Faculty of Law and Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of the Republic. Montevideo, Uruguay.

Cristina Zurbriggen, Universidad de la República, Uruguay

University professor and researcher, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay

Carolina Neme, Universidad de la República, Uruguay

Lawyer; postgraduate degree in Environmental Law, Environmental Defense NGO, Montevideo, Uruguay.

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Published

2025-12-12

How to Cite

Lizbona Cohen, A., Delbono, A., Zurbriggen, C., & Neme, C. (2025). Environmental governance in Uruguay: symbolic recognition, institutional changes, and distributional limits following the creation of the Ministry of the Environment (2020–2025). Gobierno Y Administración Pública, (10), 23-40. https://doi.org/10.29393/GP10-2AUAC40002

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