Association between early childhood caries and nutritional status in children in a Peruvian social program. A cross-sectional study

Tania Padilla-Cáceres; Vilma Mamani-Cori; Luz  Caballero-Apaza; Sheyla Cervantes-Alagón; Heber Arbildo-Vega

doi:10.17126/joralres.2024.010

Autores/as

Tania Padilla-Cáceres Dentistry program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. | Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Ambientales, Salud y Biodiversidad - IICASB, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru.
Vilma Mamani-Cori Dentistry program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. | Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Ambientales, Salud y Biodiversidad - IICASB, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-4419
Luz Caballero-Apaza Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Ambientales, Salud y Biodiversidad - IICASB, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. | Faculty of Nursing, School of Nursing, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2105-9007
Sheyla Cervantes-Alagón Dentistry program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. | Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Andino Amazónico - IIDEAA, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7249-8966
Heber Arbildo-Vega Faculty of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru. | Faculty of Human Medicine, School of Human Medicine, Universidad San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3689-7502

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2024.010

Resumen

Introducción: La caries infantil temprana sigue siendo muy prevalente, principalmente en los países en desarrollo, y está relacionada con la calidad de vida de los niños debido a la pérdida temprana de dientes
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la asociación entre la caries dental y sus consecuencias clínicas sobre el estado nutricional en niños del programa social “Vaso de Leche”, en la ciudad de Puno, Perú, durante el año 2020.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, estudio des-criptivo-correlacional, transversal; la muestra estuvo conformada por 740 niños entre 1 y 5 años que cumplieron con los criterios de selección, se evaluaron las consecuencias clínicas de la caries dental no tratada mediante el índice PUFA y la prevalencia de caries con d-t; el estado nutricional se determinó mediante el peso y talla del niño según protocolos (NTS N°357 - MINSA/2017/DGIESP; los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS-v25, la asociación entre variables se evaluó con el chi); -cuadrado, U de Mann-Whitney y Rho de Spearman, considerando significancia a un valor de p<0,05.
Resultado: No se encontró relación significativa cuando se evaluó la caries dental con la condición nutricional (p<0,05). Sin embargo, cuando los valores del índice d-t se relacionaron con la condición nutricional de los niños, se encontró una diferencia significativa (p<0,05). No hubo diferencia significativa con el índice PUFA (p>0,05).
Conclusión: No existe asociación entre caries de la primera infancia y el estado nutricional en niños de 3 a 5 años; sin embargo, se encontró una relación significativa entre los valores del índice d-t y el estado nutricional de los niños.

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Biografía del autor/a

Sheyla Cervantes-Alagón, Dentistry program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru. | Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Andino Amazónico - IIDEAA, National University of the Altiplano, Puno, Peru.

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