A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF OCCUPATIONAL HAND-ARM VIBRATION EXPOSURE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH UPPER LIMB MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

Abstract

segmental vibrations affecting the hand-arm system are a significant occupational risk factor contributing to the development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the distal segments. This study aims to identify and analyze scientific literature evaluating the association between occupational exposure to segmental vibrations and the development of musculoskeletal, neurological, and/or vascular disorders in the upper limbs. A literature review was conducted using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, applying relevant keywords and MeSH terms (Medical Subject Headings), covering the period from 1994 to 2025. A total of 98 articles were identified, of which 25 were selected for descriptive and qualitative synthesis. The findings indicate positive associations between segmental vibration exposure and upper limb disorders. The evidence is strongest for distal segment conditions, particularly Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), where vibration exposure alone plays a significant role in the onset of these conditions. This preliminary review highlights the need for updated and robust evidence on the impact of hand-arm vibrations on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders, as the limited number of publications in the last decade underscores this research gap.