Colonización oral por Staphylococcus aureus en personas con diferente índice de masa corporal.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2021.060Abstract
Antecedentes: la asociación entre la obesidad y el microbioma oral ha recibido gran atención. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la asociación de Staphylococcus aureus oral en personas con diferentes índices de masa corporal. Material y Métodos: Se recolectaron un total de 155 muestras de saliva. Los individuos fueron agrupados en tres categorías según su indice de masa corporal: normopeso, sobrepeso y obesos. Se cultivó un asa de muestra de saliva y se incubó a 37°C durante 24 horas. Los aislamientos de Staphylococcus aureus se identificaron mediante las características de la colonia, la morfología y las pruebas bioquímicas. Resultados: La tasa de colonización oral por Staphylococcus aureus fue del 61,3% (65,1% mujeres y 56,5% hombres). La tasa de colonización por Staphylococcus aureus fue del 68% en casados y del 60% en solteros. Las diferencias de las tasas de portación oral de Staphylococcus aureus en las poblaciones obesas (73,6%) y con sobrepeso (85,4%) fueron estadísticamente significativas (p<0,0001) en comparación con la tasa en el grupo de peso normal (34.0%). Entre los hombres, la tasa más alta de portadores orales de Staphylococcus aureus fue en individuos con sobrepeso (82,6%). En las mujeres, la tasa más alta de Staphylococcus aureus salival se también se presentó en el grupo con sobrepeso (88,9 %). En cuanto al estado civil, en solteros, las diferencias de Staphylococcus aureus en obesos (p=0,0003) y con sobrepeso (p<0,0001) fueron significativas compararadas con normopeso. Pero, en personas casadas, las diferencias en las tasas de Staphylococcus aureus entre todos los grupos no fueron estadísticamente significativas (p=0,0935). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus salival se relacionó significativamente en individuos con sobrepeso y obesidad. El Staphylococcus aureus oral humano puede jugar un papel clave en la manifestación de la obesidad. La microbiota oral podría proporcionar una nueva diana para mejorar el estado físico de los humanos.
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