Proximate causes, ultimate causes and Evo-Devo

Abstract

This article introduces the current debate about philosophy of biology, starting from the difference between ultimate causes and proximate causes. This distinction allows the differentiation between evolutionary biology and developmental biology. Despite the newer knowledge that we have about Evo-Devo, we claim that it is still possible to draw the line between evolutionary biology and functional biology. Firstly, we go through the differences between evolutionary biology and developmental biology. Secondly, we discuss the division between ultimate cause and proximate cause. Thirdly, we examine what is understood as “Evo-Devo”. Finally, we point out that there is a methodological and epistemological difference between evolutionary biology and functional biology.