PRESSURE INJURIES IN HOSPITAL SETTINGS, A REGIONAL ANALYSIS

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Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence and characterization of pressure injuries in a high complexity hospital among all hospitalized patients over a 4-year period. Material and Method: Descriptive, correlational, and retrospective study. This study followed the STROBE guidelines for observational studies. Data from patient discharges and pressure injury records from a high complexity hospital in southern Chile, between 2019 and 2022, with a sample 3343 LLP were used to calculate the crude prevalence, prevalence rate, and description of sociodemographic factors of patients with pressure injuries. Results: The
crude prevalence of pressure injuries was 3.97%, with a rate of 4.60 per 1,000 bed days. The highest prevalence was recorded in 2021, was higher in males and in patients older
than 65 years. Pressure injuries were more common in ICU, emergency and medical- surgical units. They were also more frequent in stage II and located on the back and buttocks (including the sacral area). There is a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between injury stage and variables such as occurrence location, injury site, age, patient risk factors, and care-related factors. Conclusions: The prevalence of pressure injuries in this study is comparable to other studies and shows an increasing trend. The most common injuries are in stage II and predominantly affect males. Their occurrence is associated with the type of clinical service (ICU, medical-surgical units, emergency unit), patient age, and risk factors related to both the patient and the care received.