HEAVY METAL CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS FROM THREE AREAS OF CHILEAN COAST

Abstract

The concentration and distribution of Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb. Ni, Cd, Ag. As, and Hg were studied in surface sediments from three Coastal locations (Concepción Bay, San Vicente Bay and Gulf of Arauco) of Chile. Cumulative curves were used to differentiate sediments populations. Background levels of the metals and Enrichment Factors (EF) were determined. A one way ANOVA to compare sediment concentrations between locations and correspondence analysis to establish the distribution pattern of metals, were used. The results reveal the occurrence of two sediment populations which are mixed in different proportions characterizing each of the three studied areas. The EF values show that, in general, the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments of the three investigated areas lies within the range of the natural levels except in locations near fishing ports (i.e., Concepción and San Vicente Bays). Distribution patterns are discussed in relation to anthropogenic activities and natural processes. The metal content in sediments of the Gulf of Arauco correspond to the background levels, except for Hg and As.