Revista de Historia

"Guatones" and "chascones". Factions and generational units in the Christian Democracy during the Pinochet dictatorship. (1973-1989)

Victor Muñoz Tamayo — 2024-04-12

This article aims to analyze the debates, tensions, and political party definitions of the Chilean Christian Democracy during the years of the Pinochet dictatorship, attending to the political practices of the party subgroups known as "guatones" and "chascones." It is proposed an approach focused on the JDC Christian Democratic Youth and the political identities that are forged in it since it is supported by a hypothesis that the subgroups analyzed have their origin in the JDC, and from there, they are projected to the party as generational politics identity units. The study is built from the analysis of party documents, press releases, and a set of in-depth interviews with Christian Democrat leaders.

Germán Domínguez Gajardo and the cultural extension during the chilean civil-military dictatorship

Matias Alvarado Leyton — 2024-04-12

This article studies the trayectory of Germán Domínguez Gajardo within the cultural institutionality during the chilean civic-military dictatorship, specifically between 1973 and 1990. For this, delves into his biography and his work within different cultural entities, mainly through official and press documents of the period. It is thus proposed that Domínguez played a key role not only as a adviser in the dictatorship, being involved -and leading- some of its entities, but also thanks to his management and, in particular, to his proposal for cultural extension, that the cultural institutionality underwent a considerable change at that time.

The Institute of Studies of Society, its intellectuals and the journal Punto y Coma: a critique of the economistic right and the new left in Chile

Juan Jesús Morales Martín — 2024-04-12

This article aims to examine the ideas that the intellectuals of the Institute of Studies of Society disseminate in the journal Punto y coma, a publication of this think tank. Headed by intellectual figures such as Claudio Alvarado, Josefina Araos, Daniel Mansuy or Pablo Ortúzar, this think tank is recognized for its public interventions and for renewing the current debates of the Chilean right. In this way, the first issue of Punto y Coma was published in March 2019. Since then, it has become an expressive organ of the ideas of this group of intellectuals about the recent history and political events that occurred in the country. The theoretical approach dialogues with the sociology of intellectuals and with the sociology of intellectual interventions. Relative to the methodology, the eight issues of this institutional journal are analyzed, and a review is made of the main guidelines that this think tank seeks to position in the cultural battle of ideas. In addition, semi-structured interviews are used. It is concluded that this center, in its critique of the economistic right and the new left, proposes a cultural conservatism limited by social reality.

Did we care about was happening with our neighbors? APSI and the reception of political transitions in the Southern Cone, 1977-1984

Renato Dinamarca Opazo — 2024-04-12

We inquire into how the APSI journal contributed to the reception of political transitions in the Southern Cone during the 1977-1984 period. We posit that these processes occupied a significant position within this journal, whereby its coverage both informed and provided practical responses to issues, while also endorsing political choices aligned with the concept of 'renewed socialism.' Furthermore, it drew attention to the interplay between the Chilean political trajectory and those within the broader Southern Cone context. Subsequently, following the commencement of the Argentine transition, the journal incorporated these processes into a transitional narrative, underpinned by a novel interpretation of the concept of democracy. An interesting facet within the journal was its emphasis on the role assigned to the socialist perspective within the democratic context.

Revolutionary Youth in the second period of the MIR (1967-1969): replacement, overlap or generational break?

Javier González Alarcón — 2024-04-12

This research describes and analyzes the generational rupture of the Revolutionary Left Movement in the context of the Third Congress held in 1967, in which a new generation assumed the movement's leadership. Starting from studies on youth and the focus of recent history, the hypothesis is raised that a generational break does not weaken or dilute the processes of political-social change but rather would inject new energies, contents, and speeds into these processes, allowing the incorporation of new actors, mentalities, practices, and political subjectivities. A qualitative content analysis method that considers data collection from a review of files developed by the movement is used. The results confirm that this generational rupture would be expressed on two levels: firstly, a rupture of a dialectical nature and, secondly, a rupture with an eminently political nature.

We must leave of the trenches: The Chilean business elite and the government of the "Nueva Mayoría", 2014-2018

José Ponce López — 2024-04-30

From the perspective of recent history, this article addresses the political action of the great Chilean business during the second government of Michelle Bachelet (2014-2018). It is proposed that the new generation of businessmen postulated a strategy to adapt the sector to the political context of the last decade, especially their unions. This business modernization had to operate in three areas: modify the role of unions, reconnect the sector with society, and reformulate the role of the State. However, it did not operate as a clean slate. Still, it was also conditioned by certain aspects of the business political culture of the post-dictatorship, such as business "pride", the role of unions as political actors, and the defense of the model with flexibility tactics. In this sense, business modernization was a mix between strategy and the political culture of the sector. In methodological terms, the public press for business consumption was reviewed. After making a systematic and in-depth review of these media, together with an analysis of content and in contrast, different events and conjunctures were established relative to the historical process analyzed.

The Horcones strike 2007: the murder of Rodrigo Cisterna as survival of the National Security Doctrine

Rogelio Fernando Alegría Herrera — 2024-04-12

This article aims to analyze the persistence of practices deeply rooted in the Chilean civic-military dictatorship, which delineate a distinctive dynamic in the relationship between the State and the population in contexts of social tension, particularly during demonstrations. Through a case study focused on the forestry workers' strike in Horcones in 2007, where Rodrigo Cisterna Fernández lost his life, and other workers were injured by the police, we seek to reconstruct the events. The analysis is primarily based on judicial documents associated with the case, unraveling the arguments presented by the Military Justice to legitimize institutional actions. These arguments reveal a persistent perspective in which the State defends itself against the citizenry, indicating the continuity of the National Security Doctrine (NSD) within the institutional structure. This study aims to contribute to understanding the complex interactions between the State and civil society in moments of tension, promoting reflection on the need for institutional reforms that foster a more equitable and respectful relationship toward human rights.

The environmental effects of the deregulation of collective locomotion: the arrival of smog as an urban problem. Santiago de Chile, 1975-1989 Authors

Simón Castillo Fernández — 2024-04-12

This article delves into the environmental effects of the policy of deregulation of collective locomotion carried out by the military dictatorship in the context of the neoliberal reforms organized in the country. Specifically, deregulation was characterized by the end of restrictions on the entry of new operators and the liberalization of the passenger transport service rate. This implied an exponential increase in the number of vehicles charged to small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, who have been consigned since then as the main responsible for toxic emissions. Ir must be considered that the disproportionate increase in smog was a new urban problem for Santiago during the 1980s. Based on the foregoing, it is argued that the measures taken around collective locomotion, generated an ecological debacle and a deep public debate on this matter, forcing the authorities to change. For this, an urban environmental history approach was maintained, supported by official documentary sources and the written press.

The trajectories in the construction of the “forest”. Transformations, discourses and spatial effects of the Chilean forest legislation between 1872-1974

Yerko Monje-Hernández — 2024-04-12

Understanding the development of the forest industry in south-central Chile and the territorial, socio-environmental, and economic consequences of this industry is a topic of growing interest. The plantation of fast-growing exotic tree species has become the fundamental niche for the development of the forestry business, rapidly decreasing the native forest cover. Analyzing the Chilean forest legislation that has favored this process, introducing exotic species within the concept of forest, is the objective of this work. We seek to understand how the concept of "forest" has been used in Chilean forest legislation, evidencing rationalities, disputes and tensions in its normative expressions, and producing profound changes in the territory.

Notes on the massification of Football in Chile trough the Estadio magazine (1944-1962).

Daniel Briones — 2024-04-12

The article presents records of football activity in Chile from its popularization until the implementation of a professional and stable competitivity. Also, the document reviews the literature focused on the phenomenon generated by football practice and its cultural impact on Chilean daily life. The article postulates that the massification of the sport managed to articulate a culture associated with its praxis, accompanied by the consumption of sports events. From the cultural studies perspective, this investigation links the development of the activity and the emergence of symbols that give a cultural meaning through the Estadio magazine.

Eugenics. Origin of the theory, expansion and main practices, 19th, and 20th centuries

Isabel Farías Velásquez — 2024-04-12

This article intends to carry out a preliminary approach to the eugenic theory through the analysis of its origins in the 19th century, its expansion, and the development of its practices during the 20th century. For this I will examine its beginnings in England, its main exponents and practices in Europe, the United States and two Latin American countries: Argentina and Chile. As a hypothesis, I subscribe to the position that eugenics, although it was born in England at the hands of Galton, spread throughout the world due to changes in scientific theories about human biology, the economic and social context associated with modernization processes of Western countries, and European cultural expansionism in continents like America. I will base myself on biopolitics as a starting point to understand eugenics and on modernization projects as channels for its expansion.

Banks in southern Chile: sectorial trajectory in the economic emergency of the Province of Malleco, 1887-1913

Cristian González Labra — 2024-04-12

The sectorial trajectory of banking in the Province of Malleco (Southern Chile) between 1887 and 1913 is studied, seeking to contribute to regional economic and financial history studies. It is argued that there was a diversification at the beginning of the 20th century, going from focusing on cereal production in the 19th century to expanding its operations in commerce and industry in the 20th, which meant development of the specialized financial sector. An exhaustive review of notarial archives, population and production censuses, ministerial reports, press, and literature was used.

Women, memory and law: a historical and socio-juridic review during the Franco regime

Manuel Sánchez-Moreno — 2024-04-12

This article, with a content review and consultation of primary documentary sources, intends to analyze the situation of women under the Franco regime, such as repression, structural changes, and concealment of the real situation of women in the period in Spain. The role of women's maternity and the different roles imposed or taken by them will be affected. We meet the "fallen" women who needed, both they and their offspring, the protection of the regime. The women who, since the Franco regime, promoted legal reforms in favor of certain rights and freedoms. And women who, within their dissidence against Francoism, kept feminism alive in hiding. Some of them were preparing for the advancements in the transition to democracy.

Facing challenges. Some theoretical-methodological scopes for the study of emotions in archaic Greece

Alejandro Andrés Saavedra Sanhueza — 2024-08-14

The purpose of this article is to establish some parameters in the study of emotions of Archaic Greece, (particularly love as an erotic-affective expression). Using the principle of geographic space as a field of cultural action, it is considered anachronistic to generalize conclusions from a polis to all or a large part of Hellas. To prove this, the differences between Lesbos and Athens are used as examples when reviewing the poetic writings of the Archaic Period, demonstrating how essential the studies of the emotions is based on the available resources, paying close attention to the places where the writings took place in order to reach a thorough understanding of the expressions of love recorded.

The railroad landscape in the colonization of Araucanía. Narrative and photography around Gustave Verniory (1889-1899)

Rodrigo Booth — 2024-08-14

This article aims to investigate the historical study of the landscape transformations caused by the introduction of the railroad in the Mapuche territory during the last decade of the nineteenth century. In accordance with the testimony of the Belgian engineer Gustave Verniory, one of the builders of the Araucanía railroad, the article proposes that the construction of the railroad in this region involved a transformation of the landscape in the double sense that this concept entails, that is, as a defined portion of the earth's surface and as a cultural representation that arouses the gaze on that space. This is addressed through the study of two areas that converge in the work of Gustave Verniory: the narrative of the landscape and the photographic representation linked to the recording of the construction of the railroad. Read in a historical key, these views of the landscapes of colonization anticipate what in the twentieth century would become the south of Chile.

The women's and feminists movement in Concepción during the process of change of political regime (1987-1994). Tensions, proposals and new becomings

Claudia Maldonado Salazar — 2024-12-24

In this article, we amain to analize the development of the women's and feminists movement in Concepción during the dictatorship and the post dictatorship, for later discribe the path of some of the organizations in the transit between each period, and thus analize how the process of change of regime had impact in the movement. Through the study of testimonies from former members of these organizations, as well as primary and secondary sources, we propose that the period of study is one marked by many transitions in a political way, but not in politics. What in the women's movement is expressed in a diversification and strengthening of feminist activism.

Chilean Higher Education during Patricio Aylwin's Government: Why there was no consensus to reform the sector? (1990-1994)

Mauricio Rifo — 2024-12-24

This article analyses the agenda of legal reforms to higher education during the government of Patricio Aylwin (1990-1994). The paper aims al is to explore the the non-consensus around the sector's legislative agenda, interpreted by the specialised literature as a failure due to the obstruction of the political right and actors opposed to the government. The main results of the research show that, in addition to criticism from the political right, rectors of state universities and those close to the government did not support the legal reform, mainly due to the differences between the proposals of the Brunner Commission and the Ministry of Education headed by Ricardo Lagos. In order to obtain these results, secondary and primary sources were reviewed, focusing on the history of the law, the press and discussions in the parliamentary commission.

“The path of fear”: fear in the parliamentary debates on the agrarian reform between the political right-wing and the Christian Democrats (Chile, 1965-1967)

Francisco Ignacio Castillo Castillo — 2024-12-24

This research article investigates the emotional dimension of Chilean politics in the mid-1960s. By analyzing the parliamentary debate on agrarian reform and property rights reform between the Chilean political right and the Christian Democratic Party during the government of Eduardo Frei Montalva. It is hypothesized that fear was an active component and a particular type of strategy to dispute with the adversary in political and parliamentary debate. Furthermore, it is argued that there was a shared emotional normativity among some parliamentarians from both political forces, based on a particular epistemology of emotions and expressed in a set of prescriptions aimed at mitigating the predominant role of fear in political debate.

The sporadic stay: Ruy Mauro Marini, Evelyn Pape and Fernando Perrone. A community of brazilian exiles in Concepción? (1968-1973)

Pedro Altamirano Castillo — 2024-12-24

The objective of this article is to examine the stay in Concepción of three brazilians exiled in Chile belonging to the social scientific field: Ruy Mauro Marini, Evelyn Pape and Fernando Perrone. Using the analysis of the local press, interviews and institutional documents, we argue that their residences were unstable, consequently it is difficult to postulate the existence of a «colony» of brazilian exiles in Concepción; however, despite the fact that they were sporadic stays, these brazilian exiles contributed to enriching the political and intellectual dynamics of the province of Concepción, through participation in academic platforms –in forums, magazines and research– and links with the local student environment.

The configuration of the portalian emotional heroism: An analysis of the funeral of Diego Portales from the History of Emotions

Joaquin Gutierrez — 2024-12-24

This study delves into the heroic construction of Diego Portales, focusing its attention on the assassination of the minister in 1837 and how this event catalyzed the formation of an emotional and narrative story. Using the newspaper El Araucano as a primary source, it investigates how the government manipulated emotions and topics in the press to establish an emotional regime. Likewise, the role of Portales' funeral ceremonies and public obsequies is examined, highlighting how these events acted as a stage for the representation of official emotions and narratives, thus consolidating the Portalian memory in the Chilean collective imagination.

Punishing and pardoning in troubled times, the infidelity in Zacatecas from 1811 to 1813

Agueda Goretty Venegas de la Torre — 2024-12-24

Faced with the insurgent movement in New Spain, the authorities took care to dictate a series of measures to maintain the monarchical order and guarantee fidelity to Fernando VII; among these, the Security and Requisition Boards were established with broad jurisdiction to judge and punish the disloyal

who acted against the sovereign's rights. These boards were established within a jurisprudential order, where the judge, making use of judicial discretion, determined the offender and his punishment. In this context, it is interesting to analyze, from the case of Zacatecas, how the members of the Security Board, on the one hand, responded to the accusations of infidelity and, on the other hand, conceived the traitor and the punishment that would be applied to him. The resolve these questions, the cases against the infidels are recovered to show the weight that judicial discretion had at the time of acting and sentencing, even in felony treason.

Interview with Carlos LeQuesne. Dendrochronology: History as told by the most honest witnesses

Pabliexy Miranda Medina — 2024-08-14

Teaching and learning of history. Relationships between discipline and educational practice

Nilson Javier Ibagón Martín — 2024-04-11

Right-wing Think Tanks and Intellectuals: Ideas, Networks, and Strategies in the XX and XXI centuries

Fabián Bustamante Olguín — 2024-08-14

Brazil and Chile: dialogues and reciprocal influences in the right-wing thinking of two nations (1959-2023)

Diego Escobedo — 2024-08-14

Much has been written about the close collaboration between the Brazilian and Chilean dictatorships since 1972, but also about the role that Fiducia magazine played in Chile in the sixties, a magazine strongly influenced by the Brazilian professor Plinio Correa de Oliveira. However, in the following article we suggest a holistic approach which includes both periods and searches political and ideological constants within a process that spans 1960 to the end of 1980, when there is an influence in the opposite direction and the Chilean neoliberal ideas start to find some echo in Brazil. From this, we argue as a thesis that a long relationship of reciprocal influence among the Chilean and Brazilian right-wing sectors has been forged, which ranged from the Catholic conservatism to the neoliberalism, but kept a clear anticommunist and order-and-stability-protecting speech. For that purpose, not only academic literature, but also the primary sources (such as magazines and speeches) will be consulted. As to the government of Bolsonaro, since it came to an end recently, we will use the press as the main source. In our methodology we will be based on the paradigm of the “Interamerican Cold War” proposed by Tanya Harmer, and we will carry out a comparative history exercise to understand the feedback and ideological evolution of the Right of both countries.

From south to north, unpredicted itineraries in the dissemination of neoliberal ideas. The projection of the Center for Studies on Freedom in Mexico, 1960-1965

José Antonio Galindo Domínguez — 2024-08-14

The present article adds to the recent efforts of historical research aiming to advance new interpretations of neoliberalism in the Latin American region to understand its characteristics, dynamics, and global significance. In particular, the text explores the exchanges between the Centro de Estudios sobre la Libertad (CEL) led by the Argentine Alberto Benegas Lynch and the Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales y Económicas (IISE) commanded by the Mexican Gustavo Velasco. Through the analysis of the dissemination of CEL publications by the IISE in Mexico, intra-regional circulation of neoliberal ideas are investigated, as well as the tactics employed by these organizations to articulate a network of neoliberal actors and institutions in Latin America.

Neoliberal Justifications: The Circulation of Ordoliberal Thought in the Ideological Struggles among Political-Business Elites in Chile, 1950-1985

Ricardo Valenzuela — 2024-08-14

The article examines, from a historical perspective, the circulation of neoliberal ideas in the Chilean context beyond the Chicago link. We focus on the mobilization and influence of a variant commonly absent in the history of neoliberalism's stabilization in the global South: ordoliberal thought. Based on archival work, we reconstruct the presence of ordoliberal ideas in the ideological activity deployed by political-business elites in two specific moments. Firstly, from 1950 to 1970, by examining the ideological dissemination work carried out by Latin American business guilds through the Inter-American Council for Trade and Production (1). Secondly, from 1982 to 1986, through the discussions that took shape in the local context via the magazine Renovación, linked to the political group National Union. The above as a consequence of the economic crisis of 1982. Contrary to its marginal position in the intellectual history of Chilean neoliberalism, we argue that ordoliberal thought played a significant role in the justification strategies of political-business elites, representing an important link in the articulation of neoliberal ideology and its diverse justificatory frameworks.

The construction of a neoliberal think tank in Brazil: the Liberal Institute, its founders and intellectuals

2024-08-14

The paper analyses the significance of the Liberal Institute for the consolidation of neoliberalism in Brazil. First, important concepts are discussed to understand neoliberalism and the performance of pro-market think tanks, then the initiatives that sought to found a neoliberal institute in Brazil and the result that was successful with the Liberal Institute in 1983 are presented. A second moment presents the main founders of the center, their objectives with the institute and their business and political connections. Finally, the intellectuals responsible for the theoretical structure of the institute and for its publications are analyzed. The Liberal Institut played a central role in the dissemination of the free market and in the fabrication of a consensus favorable to neoliberalism in Brazil.

Instituto para una Sociedad Libre: the first gremialista think tank 1982-1991

Maximiliano Jara-Barrera — 2024-08-14

This article studies the Instituto para una Sociedad Libre (ISL) between 1982 and 1991. It proposes that, firstly, this institution was an antecedent of the party Unión Demócrata Independiente (UDI) and its objective was to train gremialistas in a time of crisis. Secondly, it explains that this center has a gremialista approach and party loyalist of the military regime. Thirdly, it suggests that its short existence was due to the economic and political crisis of 1982 and the consequent reorganization of political parties, which gave way to the UDI. Finally, it proposes three stages: A first moment (1982-1983), one between 1985-1988 focused on the training of cadres, and a third stage during 1990 when it provided material to the UDI representatives in the Congress, until 1991 when the Fundación Jaime Guzmán was created.

Patricio Herrera, En favor de una patria de los trabajadores. Historia trasnacional de la Confederación de Trabajadores de América Latina (1938-1953). Buenos Aires, Ediciones CEHTI, Colegio de Michoacán, Ediciones Imago Mundi, 2022, 320 pp. ISBN 978950793

Juan Carlos Yáñez Andrade — 2024-04-12

Pablo Artaza Barrios, Los sinuosos caminos de la politización popular en el norte salitrero. Historia social tarapaqueña, 1900-1925. Santiago de Chile, RIL editores, 2023, 324 pp. ISBN 978-956-01-1535-5.

Tomás Ulloa Álvarez — 2024-08-14

Mathias Órdenes Delgado (con la colaboración de Mario Samaniego Sastre). Folklor musical e identidad chilena en La Araucanía. Tradición, Hegemonía y Modernidad (1860-1960). Santiago, 2023, Ariadna Ediciones. 325 pp. ISBN: 978-956-6276-08-1.

Maria López Parra — 2024-08-14

Mathias Órdenes Delgado (con la colaboración de Mario Samaniego Sastre). Folklor musical e identidad chilena en La Araucanía. Tradición, Hegemonía y Modernidad (1860-1960). Santiago, 2023, Ariadna Ediciones. 325 pp. ISBN: 978-956-6276-08-1.

Danny Monsálvez Araneda, Los académicos de la Universidad de Concepción contra la dictadura de Pinochet: intervención, organización, lucha y la Universidad para los universitarios, 1973-1990, Hualpén, Editorial Universidad de Concepción, 2023, 211 pp. ISB

Diego Alonso Portiño — 2024-08-14

Goldwaser Yankelevich, Nathalie. La moda, revolución efímera, Buenos Aires: Las cuarenta, 2022, 112 pp. ISBN 978-987-4936-93-6.

Gisela Cadirola — 2024-12-24

Neste trabalho, analisamos o último livro, publicado em 2022, pela Dra. Nathalie Goldwaser Yankelevich, intitulado "La moda, revolución efímera" (A moda, revolução efêmera). O livro, escrito no gênero ensaio, procura definir o que a autora chama de "o fenômeno da moda". Não se trata de um livro sobre moda, mas de uma análise que mostra a estrutura interna do complexo fenômeno, a lógica temporal que reproduz e ao mesmo tempo torna invisível o fenômeno da moda, caracterizando-o como uma lógica infernal. Essa é a chave de leitura que fazemos na resenha, a fim de mostrar como o objeto de estudo do livro, o fenômeno da moda, é definido a partir do vínculo com a temporalidade.

PRESENTACIÓN DOSSIER: Politics, Art and Literature in Sardinia during the Baroque Period

Javier Revilla Canora — 2024-12-24

Bibliographic and Literary Foundations for a Historiography of the Viceroyalty of Sardinia

Javier Revilla Canora — 2024-12-24

When discussing any topic from an academic perspective, it is necessary to take a critical approach to the previous scientific production. The different methodologies formerly provided, as well as research theories, frameworks and authors who have worked on the viceroyalty of Sardinia must be argued. This paper diachronically examines the most important historiographical issues related to the Hispanic viceroyalties, particularly the one established in Sardinia, focusing on historical, cultural, and specifically literary questions. We will address bibliographical resources from an interdisciplinary perspective, following the purpose of this monographic issue. This chronologically arranged panorama aims to establish solid bases for future research on the Kingdom of Sardinia during the seventeenth century, in addition to promoting the understanding of sources which have addressed the Early Modern Sardinian background.

Feudal Lordship and Feudalism in Sardinia (16th-17th Centuries)

Nicoletta Bazzano — 2024-12-30

This essay analyses feudal lordship in modern Sardinia, examining the historiographical debate and current research perspectives. It then reconstructs the history of the construction of feudalism on the island, the necessities that led to its implantation in the late Middle Ages, the difficulties of the system at the time of its birth and its subsequent evolution, attempting to highlight the turnover of elites at turning points. Attention is also paid to the feudal life of the communities and the tributes that vassals were forced to endure, but also their ability to negotiate with the lord for advantages and franchises.

About a crime of lèse majesté. The legal report of Francisco Jerónimo de León regarding a conflict of competence between the royal justice and the Inquisition in Sardinia in 1622

Nuria Verdet Martínez — 2024-12-24

The aim of this article is to analyse the legal report composed in 1622 by the advocate fiscal of the Council of Aragon, Francisco Jerónimo de León, as result of the conflict of jurisdiction between the Royal Audiencia and the Inquisition of Sardinia over the prosecution of two familiares of the Holy Office accused of having ordered the murder of the assessor to the governor of Sassari. The main argument put forward by the author to justify the competence of royal court over this case was to conceptualise this crime as a crimen laesae maiestatis.

About jurists and courts of law in Hispanic Sardinia

Laura Gómez Orts — 2024-12-24

The jurists were during the modern era a fundamental piece of the institutional apparatus of the Hispanic Monarchy. His work within the jurisdictional bodies, such as the Courts of the different kingdoms, and in central bodies such as the Council of Aragon, was fundamental. Studying the magistrates who were part of these institutions is essential to understanding their functioning. On this occasion we will focus on the composition of the staff of the Royal Court of Sardinia. The case of this court is very interesting because, contrary to what happened in the Courts of the peninsular kingdoms of the Hispanic Monarchy, there were places reserved exclusively for non-natives of the kingdom. It is very interesting to analyze the profile of the jurists who worked in this court, both Sardinians and foreigners, where they came from, within their administrative careers what their stay in the high Sardinian court meant, what positions the natives held of said kingdom, these are some of the questions that we will try to answer in this work.

Glory of the city and primacy of the diocese: celebratory use of the image of St. Lucifer bishop of Cagliari

Fabrizio Tola — 2024-12-24

The present study intends to focus attention on the devotional and political use of the figure of St. Lucifer by the diocese and the city of Cagliari. This can be understood by inserting the phenomenon in the historical context of reference, when in Sardinia in the first half of the seventeenth century the archaeological research aimed at the discovery of the "holy bodies" had as their main purpose that of sanctioning who, between the archbishop of Cagliari and that of Sassari, could boast the title of primate of the Kingdom of Sardinia. In this "war between saints" a fundamental importance is reserved for paintings, sculptures and engravings accompanying literary texts, the study of which contributes to the correct interpretation of the social, political and historical-artistic context of Baroque Sardinia.

La Cima del monte Parnaso de Giuseppe Delitala (1672), and the ‘cancioneros hispanosardos’: Culture and Writing in the Viceregal Court of Cagliari

MANUEL ÁNGEL CANDELAS COLODRÓN — 2024-12-24

Description of three examples of writing on the viceregal court of Cagliari: the Cima del monte Parnaso español de José Delitala, the Canzoniere ispanosardo dofe Brera (Milán) and the Cancionero hispanosardo of Naples, cautiuosly attributed to the same author. The work tries to present the contribution of these poetic texts, written under the usual and predominant literary models of the Hispanic Crown, to the culture of Sardinia.

Historical interpretation as the foundational concept for history education

2024-04-11

This paper begins by reviewing the range of ways in which historical thinking concepts are modelled in contemporary Anglophone history education discourse, and identifies a focus on historical accounts and historical interpretations as being characteristic of English history education traditions. Arguments are advanced for the importance and priority of an understanding of historical accounts and interpretations in the understanding of all historical thinking concepts. A model of how historical accounts and interpretations work is then presented and elaborated, showing how the considerations advanced play a central role in a wide range of ways of making sense of the past. The paper concludes by arguing for the centrality of understandings of accounts and interpretations to history education in our contemporary multi-storied contexts, where appreciating the plurality of ways of making sense of history is vital in a number of senses.

'You don't go in their place': historical empathy in education

2024-04-11

Writing about historical empathy and its place in education in the 1980s, Denis Shemilt pointed out that ‘the theory of “empathetic reconstruction” excites the devotion of some and the censure of others. This article discusses the debates that the concept’s introduction in the English educational system caused and the key objections against its implementation in history teaching. These objections, which in some cases are voiced even today, have to do with the concept’s complex meaning, the idea that understanding people in the past is impossible, and pessimistic views about students’ ability to make sense of past behaviour. In order to counter these objections this article discusses the idea of empathy in the philosophy of mind and the philosophy of history and suggests a definition of the concept in ways that distinguish between problematic and helpful notions related to the concept. It also discusses available research findings about students’ ideas of the concept.

Epistemological conceptions of secondary school students about history. Analysis from Spain and Colombia

Nilson Javier Ibagón Martín — 2024-04-11

Through a non-experimental survey-type quantitative research, the epistemological conceptions about History of Colombian (N=764) and Spanish (N=648) high school students are compared. For the purpose of collecting information, a questionnaire was used whose main axes of inquiry were supported by debates on historical learning derived from the theory of historical consciousness. The results indicate that, in the student body that participated in the research, various forms of constitution of meaning around History understood as knowledge survive and are intermingled, a fact that shows that the process of understanding the fundamentals and development of historical learning of young people it is defined by a high complexity, which calls into question unidirectional perspectives of analysis on its epistemic positions.

History and didactic: Elective dialogues from Brazil

María Auxiliadora Schmidt — 2024-04-11

The work sought to put into perspective the complex relationship between History, teaching/learning, from its path in Brazil. In this sense, based on research in documents relating to curricular reforms, as well as in History Didactics manuals for teachers, an attempt was made to accompany the construction of the hegemonic presence of certain forms of schooling of historical knowledge, particularly with regard to the conceptions of science, as well as the teaching method and visions of learning arising from pedagogy and psychology, resulting in the success of the didactic transposition. Revisiting the relationship with historiography, Jörn Rüsen, among other researchers of Didactics of History, contributed to a certain revolution in the possibilities of dialogue between the science of history and its teaching. Anchored, mainly, in contemporary debates on the theory of history, they provoked renovations in the context of Didactics of History, particularly with regard to the presence of elements of the method of production of historical knowledge as a teaching method. Furthermore, different European, North American and South American theorists and philosophers introduced the definitive relationship between History and the formation of historical thinking. This renewal, which has been ongoing since the end of the 20th century, has led to numerous research and academic productions and, with this, one can speak of the need to rethink the dialogue between the science of History and its learning and teaching, choosing perspectives that also include the struggle and resistance of oppressed peoples for their emancipation.

Intercultural historical learning in dialogue with the Epistemology of History

2024-04-11

History Education as an emerging epistemological field bases History Learning on the dialogue with the Epistemology of History articulating theory with research and educational practices. In this sense, History Learning is thought in an intercultural dialogue where public history, disciplinary history and history science in different cultural spaces intersect. Historical Learning has to take into account the different points of departure, different perspectives, of those involved in the learning process when trying to understand historically cultures different from "their own". We propose a look at how Portuguese history students and teachers think the multiperspective, natural and legitimate in history, in the context of "difficult histories" which require an intercultural analysis and understanding of reality. The debate about how this challenge is thought and operationalized can enhance an Intercultural Historical Learning in an inclusive logic based on equity and mutual respect of human dignity.

A Paradigmatic Speculation on Doing History with a Future in Mind

Kent den Heyer — 2024-04-11

Reading history education through curriculum theory, I explore competing paradigmatic logics undergirding history programs and teachers’ pedagogical choices. Compared to a ‘standardized management’ and ‘constructivist best practices’ paradigm, I draw from my scholarly journey to argue that a ‘curriculum wisdom’ orientation best honors democratic complexities, the nature of doing history, and a hope for public education as an ethical exploration towards a more preferable social future, however defined. In making this case, I explore futures thinking in the form of scenarios in which teachers and students use historical knowledge as warrants for distinguishing between the possible, probable, and preferable futures of those local-global issues deemed of personal-social import. As a conclusion, I ask, in what ways might we envision the potential of something more educative then merely transmitting a nation-state’s single story of origins and change over time or appeals to shifty notions of objective history from one presumed to know to one presumed to be lacking?.